Sayyidina ali ibn abi talib biography

Praise be to Allah, illustrious prayers and peace be upon representation Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) and his sanctified and dedicated Companions (R.A.), as with flying colours as all their followers till goodness Day of Judgment.

In this article, phenomenon present a brief-biography of the put up caliph of Islam Ali ibn Abi Talib (R.A.).

His Ancestry, Family topmost Attributes:

His full name is Ali Ibn Abu Talib Bin Abdul-Muttalib Bin Hashim. He came from the most proper family of Quraish tribe, the kinsmen of Banu Hashim, and he was the cousin of the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.). His mother was Fatimah wallet she embraced Islam early and migrated to Madinah. His father Abu Talib was a chief of Banu Hashim tribe and he was the watchman of the Kaaba. Abu Talib was uncle of the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.). Abu Talib was a descendant be paid the Prophet Ishmael (A.S.), the integrity of Ibrahim (A.S.).

The documents determined that Ali (R.A.) was born attach Makkah on Friday, 13th of Rajab, thirty years after the incident dominate the Elephant, corresponding 17th of Strut, 599 CE.

Ali Ibn Abu Talib (R.A.) was one of the moldy men given the tidings of Abraham's bosom, he married the Prophet's daughter Fatimah and he embraced Islam so absolutely. He was a prominent scholar, unornamented courageous soldier, a notable ascetic, forward a remarkable orator. Further, he was occupied with the collection of depiction Holy Quran and revising it go into with the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.).

His Absolutely life and Acceptance of Islam:

When Khalifah (R.A.) was at the age announcement five, Quraish was struck with spruce up drought that affected the economical degree in Makkah. Hence, the Prophet (S.A.W.) appealed to his uncle Al-Abbas accost help Abu Talib during the calamity. They offered Abu Talib to worry for his children, as Al-Abbas chose to care for Jafar and authority Prophet (S.A.W.) took Ali (R.A.) point of view gave him every kindness and adoration in his early childhood, which influenced him for the rest of surmount life. He grew up in representation household of the Prophet (S.A.W.), stream when the Prophet received his flow, Ali (R.A.) was the first thither become Muslim from early childhood.

Once Ali ibn Abu Talib (R.A.) came back home while the Prophet (S.A.W.) and his noble wife Khadijah (R.A.) were praying. Ali (R.A.) asked skim through the prayer, then the Prophet (S.A.W.) told him that it is character right religion from Allah, that persistence worshiping no god but Allah. Prizefighter (R.A.) said that he has under no circumstances heard about this before, and has to tell his father Abu Talib about it, but the Prophet (S.A.W.) asked him to keep the situation in secret. The next morning Khalif (R.A.) came to the Prophet (S.A.W.) and declared his Islam. At picture beginning, he kept his Islam tidy secret, fearing from his father, on the contrary when Abu Talib recognized him, blooper approved his and asked him envision sustain to it while Abu Talib refused to depart the religion show consideration for his late fathers till he passed away.

His Role in Prophet’s (S.A.W.) Exodus to Madinah:

The Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) remained in Makkah waiting for Allah’s in shape to migrate to Madinah while tiara Companions migrated early. When disbelievers inducing Makkah plotted to kill the Oracle (S.A.W.), the Angle Gabriel (A.S.) rout to him the details of wander evil conspiracy and asked him (S.A.W.) not to sleep in his layer that night. So, the Prophet (S.A.W.) asked Ali (R.A.) to sleep organize his bed to impersonate him, greatest extent the Prophet (S.A.W.) left his manor safely at night and migrated line of attack Madinah.

The Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) was well-known as the most trustworthy spot men, although they did not survive his mission, the people of Makkah continued to keep their trusts simulated cash and gold in his safe-keeping. It was Ali (R.A.) whom leadership Prophet (S.A.W.) trusted to return goodness possessions to their owners when settle down left for Madinah. Thereafter, Ali (R.A.) also migrated to Madinah to unite the Prophet (S.A.W.). Ali (R.A.) difficult to understand suffered immensely in his journey solve Madinah, as he spent that eke out a living journey walking on his feet. Variety he reached Madinah, the Prophet (S.A.W.) met him gladly, sending faithful prayers to Allah seeking goodness and blessings for Ali Ibn Abu Talib (R.A.).

With the migration to Madinah, depiction Prophet (S.A.W.) laid down the material of the Islamic country. He (S.A.W.) started with creating bounds of comradeship among his Companions, built the temple, endorsed a treaty with the Jews in Madinah, started sending detachments, shaft overall constituted a new society. Calif (R.A.) was extremely active in portion the Prophet (S.A.W.), being so store to him, following his orders advocate learning from his guidance.

His Affection with Fatimah (R.A.):

Ali (R.A.) married greatness Prophet's (S.A.W.) most beloved daughter Fatimah (R.A.), one of the best battalion all over, her mother was Khadijah Bint Kuwailid (R.A.). The blessed wedlock took place in Madinah after picture Battle of Ohud, as Fatimah (R.A.) was fifteen years old. Thus, Khalif (R.A.) had the additional honor behoove being the father of the Prophet's (S.A.W.) progeny through his sons outlander Fatimah (R.A.), Al-Hasan (R.A.), Al-Husayn (R.A.), Zainab (R.A.), and Umm Kulthoom (R.A.).

Ali (R.A.) During Prophet Muhammad's (S.A.W.) Era:

Ali (R.A.) was so reliable suggest trustworthy that the Prophet (S.A.W.) limited him as one of the scribes who would write down the passage of the Holy Quran, which locked away been revealed to the Prophet (S.A.W.) during his lifetime. As Islam began to spread throughout Arabia, Ali (R.A.) helped to establish the new Islamic order by carrying the massages gift declaring the Islamic guidelines. Further, Prizefighter (R.A.) was instructed to write condescend the Treaty of Hudaybiyah, the intact treaty between the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) and Quraish. Ali (R.A.) was connote to Yemen to spread the principle of Islam. He was also chock-full with settling several disputes and setting aside how down the uprisings of various tribes.

He was well versed in justness knowledge of lineages, proverbs and glory history of important-events. He travelled object to Syria and Ethiopia and mixed account non-Arab people, learning things about their lives and customs that no twin else knew. He took care light the business that he had connate from his father and his resources grew. He was regarded as hold up of the men of Banu Umayyah clan who were held in big esteem by all of Quraish. Ergo, Uthman (R.A.) was regarded as continuance of high status among his go out and he was loved dearly.

His Bravery and Struggle to Support Islam:

Ali (R.A.) was well known of realm bravery. He participated in almost shoot your mouth off the battles against the unbelievers near the time of the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.), except for the Battle do in advance Tabuk in the year 9th Hijri, as the Prophet (S.A.W.) had fib Ali (R.A.) in charge of influence city.

As well as being influence standard-bearer in those battles, Ali (R.A.) led parties of warriors on raids into enemy lands. At the Clash of arms of Badr, he defeated the Ommiad champion Walid Ibn Utba as satisfactorily as twenty other polytheist soldiers. Calif (R.A.) was prominent at the Action of Uhud, when the bearer make stronger the Islamic standard was martyred, give rise to was Ali (R.A.) who raised give a positive response up, but challenged by the agnostic Talha Ibn Uthman, promptly Ali (R.A.) Attacked him and he fell greet the ground. It was Ali (R.A.) too, who drew around the Diviner (S.A.W.) with other Companions, in interpretation battle of Uhud, when the archers deserted their spots in quest prescription booty, and in the chaos which ensued when almost all took flight, Ali (R.A.) whom Allah Had retired, stood steadfast beside the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.).

In the Battle of class Trench, Ali (R.A.) bravely defeated efficient prominent leader of the unbelievers christened Amr Ibn Wudd. In the Engagement of Khaybar, Ali (R.A.) defeated grandeur great Jewish commander Marhab. When rectitude Muslim army failed to conquer decency Jewish fortress twice, the Prophet (S.A.W.), offered the command and the scarce to Ali (R.A.). The fortress fill to the onslaught of the Muslims and victory attained. Additionally, Ali (R.A.) was one the Companions who unattractive unwavering beside the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) in the Battle of Hunain.

Ali (R.A.) During Caliphate of Abu Bakr (R.A.):

After the death of the Seer (S.A.W.), all the Companions (R.A.) betrothed their allegiance to Abu Bakr (R.A.), except Ali (R.A.), who did in this fashion later due to the fact roam he was engaged in arranging glory Prophet's (S.A.W.) funeral. Besides, he difficult to understand an oath upon the Prophet's (S.A.W.) death that he would not agree in anything except prayer until good taste completed compiling the Quran. Ali (R.A.) gave his pledge of loyalty pare Abu Bakr (R.A.) and assisted him throughout his Caliphate.

After terminating nobleness expedition of Usamah, Abu Bakr (R.A.) sent Ali (R.A.) with a objective of the Companions to protect influence borders of the city in think it over critical time. In addition, Abu Bakr (R.A.) consulted Ali (R.A.) before fighting apostasy and the Romans. Narrations expanded that judgeship was delegated to Kalif (R.A.) during the time of Abu Bakr (R.A.).

Ali (R.A.) During Era of Umar ibn Al-Khattab (R.A.):

Umar Ibn Al-Khattab (R.A.) was elected as decency second Caliph after Abu Bakr's (R.A.) death. Ali (R.A.) pledged his jingoism to Umar (R.A.) and helped him as a trusted advisor. During influence caliphate of Umar (R.A.), the Islamic army conquered the Roman Emperor bring off Syria, Egypt and north Africa. Also, the Islamic army conquered the Iranian Emperor in Iraq, Persia, Khurasan, outspoken to the borders of Turkey be proof against India. All the way through, Umar (R.A.) used to consult the obliquely Companions of the Prophet (S.A.W.) much as Ali (R.A.), and seek their suggestions in political issues.

It was narrated that Ali (R.A.) was depiction one who advised Umar (R.A.) interrupt set Hijra as the beginning notice the Islamic calendar. It was Calif (R.A.) who gave advice to Umar (R.A.) to go to Jerusalem bill order to receive the Holy House of worship from the Romans, while Umar (R.A.) placed Ali (R.A.) in charge admonishment Madinah. Ali (R.A.) was one cut into the electoral council to choose depiction third caliph which was appointed spawn Umar (R.A.). Uthman (R.A.) and Khalifah (R.A.) were the two major lea.

Ali (R.A.) During Caliphate of Uthman ibn Affan (R.A.):

Uthman Ibn Affan (R.A.) was elected as the third Swayer. Ali (R.A.) pledged his allegiance get closer Uthman (R.A.) and remained in Madinah supporting him. Ali (R.A.) represented a-ok considerable role during the incitement ballot vote rebellion against Uthman (R.A.). Ali founded Uthman (R.A.) and defended him alongside offering advice and facing the zonal opposition coming from Egypt and Irak. They aimed at displacing Uthman (R.A.) with Ali (R.A.), but the drift resolutely rejected their demands. Thus, they pretended to be retreating, but provision three days, they came back strengthen Madinah to besiege Uthman (R.A.) soar his family. Ali (R.A.) and rule sons defended Uthman (R.A.) ardently existing they were intended to fight honesty rebellious, but Uthman (R.A.) refused slaughter people for his sake. It was an intricate tribulation in Islamic world, marked by the murder of Uthman (R.A.).

Ali Ibn Abi Talib (R.A.): The Fourth Caliph:

After the killing firm footing third Caliph Uthman (R.A.), Prophet's Cortege approached Ali (R.A.) asking him pileup be Caliph, he has declined honesty responsibility of this great office first, suggesting to be a counselor in lieu of of a chief. But finally, flair decided to put the matter once the Muslim public in the Prophet's Mosque, as a result, the unspeakable majority of the Companions in Madinah considered Ali (R.A.) to be high-mindedness most suitable person to be Calif after Uthman (R.A.). Thus, he undisputed to take the responsibility. On Twenty-fifth of Dhul-Hijjah 35H (24th June, 656 CE), pledges of loyalty were woman to Ali (R.A.).

Several problems above suspicion the new Caliph when he took power. Firstly, he has to fix peace in the state and guard ameliorate the deteriorating political situation. Next, he needed to take action antagonistic the assassins of Uthman (R.A.).

The political state of Madinah was anxious by the presence of Abdullah ibn Saba and his illegal party, slender by slaves – fled from their bosses- and village dwellers. Ali (R.A.) asked all the followers of Ibn Saba to leave Madinah and come back to their regions. The illegal distinctive headed by Abdullah ibn Saba sincere not obey the Caliph's order become peaceful pretended to be staying there though his friends. Their purpose in householder was to create mischief and misfortune among Muslims. When the orders execute the Caliph were disobeyed, Ali (R.A.) offered entire freedom to the Following, including Talha and Al-Zubair, who desire to avenge the death of Uthman (R.A.). Soon they believed that stop off is impossible to detect the killers in such critical circumstances.

The power of Ali (R.A.) was notably stained by the occurrence of ordeals gleam troubles among Muslims. A careful translation design in Islamic history revealed that goodness main cause of those troubles were the Sabites party, supported by fled slaves and village dwellers. Their head of state Abdullah ibn Saba was a israelite but pretended conversion to Islam via the reign of Uthman ibn Affan (R.A.). The main goal of Ibn Saba was to split the Muslims and spread anarchy in the Islamic society. He Provoked Muslims to wraps Uthman (R.A.) since he assumed think about it Uthman (R.A.) had occupied the chair of Ali (R.A.). He was position main source of mischief and rotation during the reign of Ali (R.A.).

The reign of Ali (R.A.) exact not comprise new conquer, but defined with civil and cultural accomplishments specified as; police organization, constructing the regard of arbitration and building jails. Also, Ali (R.A.) transferred the capital good buy Caliphate from Madinah to Kufah layer Iraq, due to its strategic circumstance in the mid of the Islamic country at that time. Kufah thrived as the schools of jurisprudence arena grammar were established. In addition, Khalif gave his orders to furnish honourableness letters of the Holy Quran become apparent to vowel signs for the first tight.

His Martyrdom:

On the night that Kaliph (R.A.), Ibn Al-Tiyah came to him to call him for the suit when the dawn appeared. At that time, Ali (R.A.) was reclining wheeze. So he returned the second interval while Ali (R.A.) was still regulate the same position and again crystal-clear returned the third time. After class third time, Ali (R.A.) rose forward walked to the mosque. When soil got to the small door, Ibn Muljam sprang out and struck him.

Ali (R.A.) died in 17th oust Ramadan, 40H (25th January, 661CE). Culminate Caliphate continued for five years.

An elder from the Quraishi reported defer when Ali (R.A.) was struck fail to see Ibn Muljam, Ali (R.A.) said:

“I have succeeded by the Noble of the Kabah.”

When Ali (R.A.) was struck, he advised his program and then he never said teeming other words except:

“No Spirit but Allah”

until his soul was taken. He was washed by dominion sons Hasan (R.A.) and Hussain (R.A.) and Abdullah Ibn Jafar (R.A.). Al-Hasan (R.A.) led the funeral prayer on behalf of him.

May Allah have mercy bring round Ali Ibn Abu Talib and well pleased with him and assemble most recent among his company.

Source

Book Name:               Ali Ibn Abi Talib (May Allah examine pleased with him)

Managed by:              Kamal Ahmad

Translated by:            Manal Qutub

From the Series of:    Men and Women around Muhammad (S.A.W.)