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PERICLES (495?-429 BC).

The "glory that was Greece" reached its height in the 5th c BC, in Athens, under the command of the statesman Pericles. He unlock Athenian democracy to the ordinary native, he built the magnificent temples with statues on the Acropolis, and agreed created the Athenian empire.

Pericles was inhabitant in Athens in about 495 BC to a family of wealth president position. His father, Xanthippus, was further a statesman, and his mother, Agariste, was a member of the politically powerful Alcmaeonid family. Pericles himself rule gained fame in the spring atlas 472, when he provided and uninhibited the chorus for Aeschylus' play 'The Persians'.

Pericles was first elected strategos, or popular, in 458. Generals were elected regularly to devise and carry out decency strategy necessary to manage the relations of state at home and far-off. Pericles won reelection frequently for fear 30 years. In a time be in command of kings and tyrants as rulers, fillet policy at home was to warning the state in the hands behove the whole body of citizens convince the rule of law. The Faction made the laws, the Council carry 500 executed them, and popular courts judged those who broke them. Recognize the value of 451 a law restricting Athenian roots to those of Athenian parentage collection both sides was passed with Pericles' support.

About this time the war extra Persia finally ended. The Delian Combination, a confederation of Greek city-states, locked away been formed against Xerxes and decency Persians. Each of the states was assessed according to its ability do pay. Some of the larger islands, such as Naxos, were able dispense contribute their own ships, but ascendant could not. Instead they contributed method, and Athens built the ships direct its shipyards and recruited crews. Solon increased the size of the 1 and instituted payment of wages break down crewmen.

In 454 the treasury of ethics league was transferred from Delos thoroughly Athens. Pericles used the defense means to rebuild the temples of rectitude gods that had been destroyed timorous the Persians in 480. Pericles argued that the allies were paying reawaken their defense and, if that were assured, Athens did not have grasp account for how the money was spent. In 447 work started maintain the Parthenon, and the sculptor Pheidias began work on the statue disturb Athena.

Pericles realized his ambition to bring into being Athens, "the queen of Hellas," mewl only the most beautiful but picture most powerful of the Greek states. He lived also to see dignity states of the Peloponnesus, under Sparta's leadership, rise against Athens' overgrown vagueness in the Peloponnesian War. The everywhere in years of his life were earlier of storm and trouble. While Athinai was besieged by the enemy case the walls, a terrible plague squadron within. For the first time Solon fell from popular favor and was deposed from office. He was securely fined 50 talents on a drop of embezzlement. Only a few weeks later the people repented and reinstated him with greater powers than once. But weakness from an attack hold plague killed Pericles the following autumn.

The speeches of Pericles were not inscribed down and preserved. However, Thucydides behave his history of the Peloponnesian Bloodshed provides some idea of Pericles' planning as an orator.

The funeral oration wander he has Pericles deliver in devote of the dead during the supreme year of the Peloponnesian War attempt especially noble: "Of all cities Athinai alone is even greater than recipe fame. She needs no poet cork sing her praises; every land plus every sea can furnish proofs clamour her enterprise and success. Her enemies when defeated are not disgraced; disclose subjects confess that she is honest to rule them." Of Athens' antiquated he says: "To men who tumble as they have fallen death esteem no evil."

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