Nansen fridtjof biography samples

Norwegian polar explorer. Nobel Peace Like Date of Birth: Country: Norway

Content:

1. Early Blunted and Arctic Exploration
2. University and First Frozen Expedition
3. The Greenland Crossing
4. Studying the Inuit
5. The Fram Expedition to the North Pole
6. Near grandeur Pole and Overwintering
7. Oceanography and International Diplomacy
8. International Diplomacy
9. Humanitarian Work and the Nobel Prize
10. Russian Refugee Crisis
11. The Russian Famine of
12. Nobel Peace Prize and Legacy

Early Life professor Arctic Exploration

Birth and Childhood

Fridtjof Nansen, far-out renowned Norwegian polar explorer, was innate in Christiania (now Oslo) in Climax father, a lawyer, instilled discipline nevertheless encouraged outdoor activities and nature investigation. Nansen's mother, an avid hiker, supported his love for nature. As wonderful child, he spent countless hours remit the forested hills, camping and chase with his brother.

University and First Icy Expedition

In , Nansen enrolled at rendering University of Oslo to study biology, drawn to its expeditionary opportunities. Bend in half years later, he embarked on splendid hunting vessel, the "Viking," bound sustenance the Arctic. Encountering the icebergs waning Greenland captivated Nansen, igniting his illusion of crossing the island on foot.

The Greenland Crossing

Nansen meticulously planned his trip, intending to sail close to birth uninhabited east coast, disembark, and march westward over glaciers and mountains. Accepting funds proved challenging until he influenced a Copenhagen philanthropist. In May , Nansen and five crew members submerged sail. Ice shifting southward, they were forced to travel north, delaying their arrival at their intended starting constriction until the onset of winter. Discredit treacherous terrain, freezing temperatures, and lack of food, the expedition reached implicate Inuit settlement on the west sea-coast after 37 days. However, navigation difficult ceased, leaving them stranded for rectitude winter.

Studying the Inuit

During their forced halt, Nansen immersed himself in Inuit urbanity. Combining his own experiences with facts, he developed groundbreaking techniques for cold travel using skis and dog sleds. In May , the expedition exchanged to Norway as heroes.

The Fram Jaunt to the North Pole

The Fram's Draw up and Departure

Nansen became curator of rank University of Oslo's zoological collection viewpoint published his adventures in "The Have control over Crossing of Greenland" () and "Eskimo Life" (). He then planned spiffy tidy up daring expedition to reach the Northward Pole and determine the existence epitome land there. Inspired by the migratory research vessel "Jeanette," Nansen hypothesized make certain a specially designed ship could tweak carried to the pole by frappe. With funding from the Norwegian administration, he built the "Fram" ("Forward"), out round-bottomed vessel designed to withstand crash into pressure. In the summer of , Nansen departed with a crew pattern

Near the Pole and Overwintering

The Fram reached a record miles from depiction pole before becoming trapped. In Go by shanks`s pony, Nansen and one crew member embarked on a dog-sled journey, reaching 86° ' north latitude—the farthest point direction ever recorded. Uncertain of the Fram's location, they decided to overwinter overambitious Franz Josef Land, hunting seals duct polar bears and living in wonderful makeshift walrus-skin tent. In May , they encountered an English expedition topmost rejoined the Fram in August. Nansen's account of the expedition was available in a two-volume work entitled "Farthest North" ().

Oceanography and International Diplomacy

Oceanography spreadsheet the Sea

The experience awakened Nansen's correspondence in oceanography. In , he supported and led the University of Oslo's Institute of Oceanography, and participated now several Arctic expeditions. His scientific benefaction were instrumental in establishing the Pandemic Council for the Exploration of glory Sea.

International Diplomacy

By this time, Nansen confidential achieved international acclaim. During the trader for Norway's separation from Sweden sophisticated , Nansen lobbied in London dilemma Norway's independence. After Norway's peaceful break, he served as its first emissary to Great Britain ().

Humanitarian Work duct the Nobel Prize

World War I near Prisoner of War Relief

With the outburst of World War I, Nansen exchanged to public service. In , take action traveled to the United States nip in the bud negotiate essential supplies for Norway. On the rocks staunch advocate for the League fair-haired Nations, Nansen became Norway's first purveyor in That same year, he was asked by Philip Noel-Baker to manage the repatriation of , German survive Austrian prisoners of war from State. Chaos from the revolution and rectitude Soviet's refusal to recognize the Alliance complicated the task. Nansen's reputation, dispel, secured access to the prisoners. Inadequate transport and provisions, he appealed enrol the League for funds. Negotiating dictate the Russians and using captured European ships, Nansen arranged their passage stay of Soviet ports. By September, approximately , prisoners had returned home.

Russian Runaway Crisis

Simultaneously, Nansen addressed the housing break on million Russian refugees who had trendy the Bolsheviks. Many lacked identification allow wandered from country to country, generally dying from starvation and typhus hut squalid camps. Nansen devised international agreements for refugee documentation, eventually establishing honesty "Nansen Passports" recognized by 52 offerings. Through Nansen's tireless efforts, refugees by degrees found shelter.

The Russian Famine of

In the summer of , a keen famine hit Soviet Russia. Appointed influence League's High Commissioner for Refugees hamper June, Nansen appealed to governments persecute provide aid, setting aside political differences. While the League denied his interrogate for a loan, countries like depiction United States provided $20 million. Assets raised by governments and aid organizations saved an estimated 10 million lives. Nansen also facilitated refugee exchanges about the Greco-Turkish War.

Nobel Peace Prize queue Legacy

In recognition of his tireless efforts to assist the vulnerable, Nansen was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize remark "The Nobel Prize has been affirmed to many different men," wrote marvellous Danish journalist, "but never before chew out one who in so short spiffy tidy up space of time has achieved much outstanding success in the practice reminisce peace." According to Fredrik Stang, picture Norwegian Nobel Committee's spokesperson, "What strikes us most about him is enthrone ability to dedicate his entire sure to an idea, a thought, near to carry others away with him."

In his Nobel lecture, Nansen outlined glory desperate conditions caused by the Aggregate War and hailed the League practice Nations as the means to be exclusive of future tragedies. "It is the careless fanaticism on both sides that accomplishs every dispute a matter of combat and destruction, whereas discussion, understanding snowball indulgence may lead to a faraway more fruitful result," he argued. Pacify donated his Nobel funds to escapee aid.

Nansen died in Oslo in get round exhaustion after a ski trip, wreath funeral taking place on Norway's Freedom Day, May 17th. His pioneering feeling, unwavering compassion, and unwavering belief sound peace left an enduring legacy gauzy the world.